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Patil, S. T.
- Effect of Irrigation Levels on Vegetative Growth and Yield Characteristics in White Onion (Allium cepa L.) in Konkan Region
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Dapoli, Ratnagiri (M.S.), IN
2 Department of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Dapoli, Ratnagiri (M.S.), IN
1 Department of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Dapoli, Ratnagiri (M.S.), IN
2 Department of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Dapoli, Ratnagiri (M.S.), IN
Source
International Journal of Agricultural Engineering, Vol 7, No 2 (2014), Pagination: 422-426Abstract
An experiment was conducted at College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Dapoli to assess the effect of irrigation levels on vegetative growth and yield characteristics in white onion on micro-irrigation system. In the present investigation white onion variety Alibag local was tested under three irrigation levels namely I1 ( no deficit), I2 (20% deficit) and I3 (40% deficit) on mini-sprinkler (M1) and micro-sprinkler (M2) irrigation methods, while the conventional check basin method was taken as control. The maximum average yield was attained in irrigation level I1 as 39.82 t/ha, whiles the minimum average yield of 24.97 t/ha was recorded for irrigation level I3. The maximum yield of 42.37 t/ha was recorded for treatment combination M2I1 followed by treatment combinations M1I1 (37.26 t/ha) and M2I2 (36.03 t/ha). In control treatment the yield of 17.52 t/ha was recorded. The maximum water use efficiency 14.51 q/ha-cm was reported in treatment combination M2I1 and the minimum water use was found 10.98 q/ha-cm in treatment combination M1I3. The fertilizer use efficiency followed the same trend. The maximum fertilizer use efficiency 176.12 was recorded in treatment combination M2I1 and minimum 99.54 was obtained in treatment combination M1I3. In control fertilizer use efficiency was 73.01, which was lowest amongst all treatments.Keywords
Deficit Irrigation, White Onion, Mini-Sprinklers, Micro-Sprinklers.
References
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- Kadayifci, A., Tuylu, G.I., Ucar, Y. and Cakmak, B. (2005). Crop water use of onion (Allium cepa L.) in Turkey. Agric.Water Mgmt., 72: 59-68.
- Kumar, S., Imtiyaz, M. and Kumar, A. (2008). Variable irrigation and fertigation effects on response of onion (Allium cepa L.) in a semi-arid environment. Indian J. agric. Sci., 78(3) : 203-207.
- Mane, M.S. and Ayare, B.L. (2011). Principles of sprinkler irrigation (2nd Ed.). Published by M/s. Jain Brothers, NEW DELHI (INDIA).
- Mermoud, A., Tamini, T.D. and Yacouba, H. (2005). Impacts of different irrigation schedules on the water balance components of an onion crop in a semi-arid zone. Agric. Water Mgmt., 77: 282-295.
- Narayanamoorthy, A. (2006). Trends in irrigated area in India:1950- 51 to 2002-03.
- Olalla, F.S., Padilla, A.D. and Lopez, R. (2004). Production and quality of the onion crop (Allium cepa L.) cultivated under controlled deficit irrigation conditions in a semi-arid climate. Agric.Water Mgmt., 68: 77-89.
- Owusu-Sekyere, J.D. and Andoh, J. (2011). Assessment of deficit irrigation on the growth and yield of some vegetable crops.
- Pejic, B., Gvozdanovic-Varga, J., Milic, J., Ignjatovic-Cupina, A., Krstic, D. and Cupina, B. (2011). Effect of irrigation schedules on yield and water use of onion (Allium cepa L.). African J. Biotechnol., 10(14) : 2644-2652.
- Sammis, T.W., Al-Jammal, M.S., Ball, S. and Smeal, D. (2000). Crop water use of onion. In: Proceedings of sixth International Micro Irrigation Congress, Micro 2000, Cape Town, SOUTH AFRICA.
- Sarkar, S., Goswami, S.B., Mallick, S. and Nanda, M.K. (2008). Different indices to characterize water use pattern of micro-sprinkler irrigated onion (Allium cepa L.). Agric. WaterMgmt., 95-625-632.
- Zayton, A.M. (2007). Effect of soil-water stress on onion yield and quality in sandy soil. Misr J. Agric. Engg., 24(1) : 141-160.
- Development of an Animal Drawn Manure Spreader Cum Cart
Abstract Views :182 |
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Authors
S. T. Patil
1,
P. A. Munde
2
Affiliations
1 Department of Farm Power and Machinery, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola (M.S.), IN
2 Department of Farm Power and Machinery, College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani (M.S.), IN
1 Department of Farm Power and Machinery, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola (M.S.), IN
2 Department of Farm Power and Machinery, College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani (M.S.), IN
Source
International Journal of Agricultural Engineering, Vol 10, No 2 (2017), Pagination: 531-536Abstract
The research work and testing was undertaken at the site of the AICRP on UAE CAET, V.N.M.K.V., Parbhani.The developed Manure spreader consist a chassis having two iron wheels, axel assembly, bearing, flat type agitator, peg tooth agitator, body frame for mounting the trapezoidal shaped manure box, hitching system, and tool box. The application rate of manure varies from 2.46 to 10.06 t/ha for varies in opining area of cover 0.04 m2 to 0.16 m2. The co-efficient of variation of uniformity for manure distribution varied from 18 -20%. The designed manure spreader cum cart gave desired manure application rate (9 – 10t/ha) at an opining area of cover 0.16m2 at the operational speed of 2.63km/hr and draft required was 637 N.The draft and power requirement of manure spreader were 637 N and 0.46 kW, respectively within the draft ability limit of pair of bullock.The field capacity and field efficiency of machine were 0.21 ha/hrand 84% at operational speed 2.51 km/hr. The manure spreader cum cart was used for carting with 500 kg load on Tar road and Kaccha road by Red Kandhari bullocks. The draft observed for Tar road with no load and 500 kg load conditions by Red Kandhari bullocks was 37 and 41 kg, respectively. The draft observed on Kaccha road for no load and 500 kg load conditions was 40 and 48 kg, respectively by Red Kandhari bullocks. Speed observed on Tar road for no load and 500 kg load conditions by RK bullock was 4.29 and 3.88 km/hr, respectively. The speed on Kaccha road was 4.04 and 3.48 km/hr, respectively. Power observed for no load and 500 kg load conditions was 0.40 and 0.43, respectively for RK bullock on tar road. And 0.43 and 0.48 Kw for no load and 500 kg load conditions, respectively on Kaccha road for RK bullock. The increased respiration rate and pulse rate was observed after 2 hrs continuous work on tar and Kaccha road is within the safe limit of fatigue score.Keywords
FYM, Agitator, Manure Box, Cart, Spreader, Field Efficiency, Application Rate, Draft, Speed.References
- Klinin, N.I. and Sakun, V.A. (1985). Agricultural Machines Theory of Operation, Computation of Controlling Parameters and the Conditions of Operation. Amerind Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, pp161-170.
- Lague, C., Roy, P.M., Chenard, L. and Lagace, R. (1994). Wide span boom for band spreading of liquid manure. Appl. Engg. Agric., 10(6): 759-763.
- Lague, C., Landry, H. and Roverge, M. (2004). Physical and theological properties of manure products. Appl. Engg. Agric., 20 (3) : 277-288.
- Landry, H., Piron, E., Agnew, J. M., Lague, C. and Roberge, M. (2005). Performance of conveying systems for manure spreaders and effects of hopper geometry on output flow. Appl. Engg. Agric., 21(2): 159-166.
- Nadre, R.G. (2003). Estimation of animal power available in India. Journal of Agric. Engg.
- Norman-Ham, H.A., Hanna, H.M., Richard, T.L. (2008). Solid manure distribution by rear and side delivery spreaders. Trans. ASAE, 51(3): 831-843.
- Phaniraja, K.L. and Panchasara, H.H. (2008). Indian draught animals power.Agric. Engg. Today, 24(2):13-34.
- Singh, R.C. and Singh, C.D. (2013). Development and performance testing of a tractor trailer-cum-farmyard manure spreader. Agric. Engg. Today., 37(2), 2013.
- Singh, Gyanendra (2000). Modernization of agricultural in India part I. Farm mechanization Agricultural situation in India, January
- Sogaard, H.T. and Kierkegaard, P. (1994). Yield reduction from uneven fertilizer distribution. Trans. ASAE, 37(6): 1749-1752.
- Yildirim, Y. (2008). Effect of side to side spreader angle on pattern uniformity in single and twin disc rotary fertilizer spreaders. Appl. Engg. Agric., 24(2): 173-179.
- Design, Development and Performance Evaluation of Small Scale Grey Water Treatment Plant
Abstract Views :203 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Dapoli, Ratnagiri (M.S.), IN
2 Department of Soil and Water Conservation Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Dapoli, Ratnagiri (M.S.), IN
1 Department of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Dapoli, Ratnagiri (M.S.), IN
2 Department of Soil and Water Conservation Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Dapoli, Ratnagiri (M.S.), IN
Source
International Journal of Agricultural Engineering, Vol 11, No 2 (2018), Pagination: 335-338Abstract
The design, development of grey water system was done by using locally available filtration and adsorbent media and its performance was evaluated. The media size and depth decided by experiment were sand (0.42 mm), grit (6-8 mm), gravel (15-25 mm), brick pieces (25-30 mm) and charcoal (12-16 mm) (Zainudin and Abundi, 2011) having layer thickness of 450 mm, 450 mm, 150 mm, 300 mm and 30 mm, respectively.The hydraulic retention time (HRT) of designed filter was 1.33 hours at hydraulic loading rate of (HLR) of 3.77 m day-1. The filtration area of one square meter would have capacity of 3770 lit.day-1.At steady state head of 1.5 m, the overall performance of the combined systemwas 82.70 per cent BOD removal, 85.10 per cent COD removal, 78.78 per cent oil and grease removal, 69.23 per cent residual sodium carbonate removal (RSC), 21.33 per cent reduction in sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and 31.19 per cent TDS removal, respectively, were noted. The pH of the entire system remained stable (7.32 ± 0.5) throughout the experiment. The calcium, bicarbonate, potassium, nitrogen, magnesium, sodium, were also reduced after filtration by 20, 44.82, 48.76, 5.55, 33.33, 31.42 per cent, respectively. Generally, the final effluent was found to be suitable for a range of uses such as toilet flushing, irrigation and fire protection.Keywords
Grey Water, Grey Water Filter, Hydraulic Retention Time, Filtration Area.References
- Amerasinghe, D., Bhardwaj, R.M., Scott, C., Jella, K. and Marshall, F. (2013). Urban waste water and agriculture reuse challenges in India36: IWMI Research Report 147,pp.1-2
- Amarsinghe.,U.A., Shah, T.,Turral, H. and Anand., B.K. (2007). India’s water future to 2025-2050.business as usual scenario and deviations. Research report 123, IWMI,52pp.
- Blanca, Jimenez (2006). Irrigation in developing countries using wastewater, Internat. Rev. Environ. Strategies, 6 (2) : 229 - 250.
- Friedler, E. (2004). Quality of individual domestic grey water streams and its implications for on-site treatment and reuse possibilities. Environ. Technol., 25 : 997-1008.
- Miguntana, N.S., Jayalath, C.P.G., Kariyawasam, C., Prerera, H.A.K.C., Sriwarnasinghe, S.M. and Wijerathna, W.M.R.I. (2014). Use of bricks as an alternative filter media for pebble matrix filters (PMF).SAITM research symposium on engineerin advancement, pp.116-118.
- Mohamed, R.M.S.R., Chan, C.M., Senin, H. and Kasim, A.H.M. (2014). Feasibility of direct filtration over peat filter media for bathroom grey water treatment. J.Mater.Environ. Sci., 5(6) : 2021-2029.
- Zainudin, Naji and Abundi (2011). The effect of sand filter characteristics on removal efficiency of organic matter from grey water. Al-Qadisiya J. Engg. Sci., 4 (2) : 143-149.